Import Foundations

Requirements to import hazardous waste into Canada

Written by Cole Marketing | Feb 9, 2026 2:00:05 PM
Hazardous waste is tightly regulated in Canada. Understanding its import requirements and adhering to them helps protect your business.

Canadian businesses that import hazardous waste into Canada must follow specific regulatory requirements for permits, documentation, and confirmations.

While the regulations are straightforward, there may be misunderstandings about delivery dates, required submissions, and documentation deadlines.

In this article, we explain what hazardous waste is and outline the key requirements for importing it, including the documentation required and the timelines to consider.

What qualifies as hazardous waste?

Hazardous waste is defined as anything to be disposed of using one of the disposal operations listed in Schedule 1, Part 1 (column 2), and that meets one or more of the following criteria:

    • Listed in Schedule 6 (column 2) of the regulations (specific waste types)
    • Meets the criteria for inclusion under Classes 2-6, 8, or 9 as set out in Part 2 of the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations
    • Contains substances listed in Schedule 7 (column 3) at or above the concentration in column 4
    • Produces a leachate containing environmentally hazardous constituents listed in Schedule 2 (column 3) at or above the concentration in column 4
    • Listed in Schedule 8 (column 3), is unused, and is either pure or the only active ingredient

Cross-border movements of hazardous waste are administered by Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) and are regulated under the Cross-border Movement of Hazardous Waste and Hazardous Recyclable Material Regulations (XBR).

Exclusions

Even if a material meets the above criteria, they are not considered hazardous waste if it is:

    • Less than 5 kg or 5 L per shipment (unless it contains mercury or meets the criteria for inclusion in Class 6.2 of the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations)
    • Residue in a container after contents have been removed to the maximum extent feasible (before the container is either refilled or cleaned)
    • Mingled with non-hazardous waste or non-hazardous recyclable material collected by municipalities (unless separated during or after collection)
    • Personal or household waste transported by an individual
    • Generated from normal ship operations with authorized discharge under the Canada Shipping Act, 2001

Requirements for importing hazardous waste into Canada

When you import hazardous waste into Canada, you must comply with applicable regulations.

Compliance comes down to these responsibilities:

    • Holding a valid import permit for the shipment
    • Completing the movement document and submitting it through the Canadian Notification and Movement Tracking System (CNMTS)
    • Tracking delivery and filing the necessary confirmations on time
    • Keeping complete records for the required retention period

Additionally, you will need to confirm whether Transport Canada ERAP requirements apply to your shipment, and that the carrier and receiving facility meet any applicable transportation and environmental authorization requirements.

At the border, permits and movement documents for hazardous waste shipments must be available and produced upon request (note that rail shipments follow a different process).

Notifications and permits

Persons moving hazardous waste across the Canadian border must notify ECCC in advance of the intended shipment. This notification process serves as the application for an import permit.

The permit must specify:

    • Types and volumes of hazardous waste approved
    • Valid dates during which shipments may occur
    • The authorized carriers permitted to transport the shipment
    • The border crossings that the shipments may pass through
    • A single notification number associated with the same waste exporter or importer

The permit is normally valid for up to one year and is site-to-site specific.

Movement documents

Movement documents are used to track the waste, the parties involved, and the intended handling at the destination.

A movement document tracks the shipment in three parts:

    • Part A (Consignor): Information about the generator, the waste details, and the planned shipment (completed by the exporter or consignor, as applicable)
    • Part B (Carrier): Information about the transport, including signatures from all authorized carriers involved in the shipment (completed by the carriers)
    • Part C (Consignee): Confirmation of delivery of the hazardous waste to the receiving facility (completed by the importer or consignee, as applicable)

Key deadlines to track

Hazardous waste import requirements include strict timelines.

To ensure compliance, make sure you meet and track the following deadlines:

3 working days

Submit Part C (and the carriers’ Part B) of the movement document in CNMTS within three (3) working days after the shipment is delivered to the receiving facility.

30 days

Submit the Confirmation of Disposal or Recycling (CDR) in CNMTS within 30 days after the disposal or recycling operation is completed. Your CDR submission must be based on the authorized facility’s written notice.

180 days

Interim disposal or recycling operations must be completed within 180 days after delivery (or shorter, if required by local authorities or permit conditions).

1 year

Final disposal or recycling operations must be completed within one (1) year of shipment delivery (or shorter, if required by local authorities or permit conditions).

However, if the shipment is forwarded to another authorized facility for final disposal or recycling, the final operation must be completed within 18 months of delivery to the receiving facility (or sooner, if required).

5 years

All compliance documents (including the original written notices/confirmations from the facility) must be kept at your principal place of business in Canada for five (5) years after the latest day on which any of the permits expires.

How we can help

At Cole International, we offer trade consulting and customs brokerage services to help Canadian importers reduce compliance risks and stay ahead of requirements and deadlines.

Our team works with importers every day to:

    • Ensure hazardous waste shipments follow the requirements
    • Track delivery dates and ensure submissions are completed on time
    • Help them maintain accessible records for the full retention period

We don’t believe in guesswork. We get it right the first time.

If you import hazardous waste into Canada, reach out to one of our trade professionals for help reviewing the process, timelines, and required documentation.